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Monkeypox in Animals

Monkeypox virus（MPXV）was first isolated and identified in monkeys in 1959. Although found in non-human primates, the diversity and range of animal hosts remain unknown. The main animal hosts of MPXV are thought to include a number of small mammals, such as squirrels, rats, and savanna groundhogs because they are thought to sustain the virus in West and Central African environments.

About Monkeypox in Animals

Table 1 Basic introduction to monkeypox in animals.

Items Overview
Animal hosts In addition to rodents, nonhuman primates and humans may also be infected hosts. Whether reptiles, amphibians, or birds can be infected with monkeypox has not been specifically studied, but it seems to be unlikely.
Infection symptoms Not all animals develop a rash when they are infected with monkeypox.
  • Small mammals can carry the virus, sometimes without obvious symptoms.
  • Non-human primates can become infected with monkeypox and show signs of disease just like humans do.
Propagation paths
  • Animal-to-animal - Different pathways in nature.
  • Animal-to-human - Through hunting and eating game or contact with live or dead animals.
  • Human-to-animal - It is possible for an infected human to transmit the monkeypox virus to an animal through close contact.
Viral carriers
  • Rashes (crusts, scabs, or bodily fluids)
  • Infected body fluids (including respiratory secretions)
  • Urine and feces

Challenges and Responses to Animal Monkeypox

Transmission of MPXV to humans is easier and more direct from wildlife and domestic animals than humans. A variety of wildlife, including nonhuman primates, rodents, and small mammals have been shown to support natural MPXV infection. For animal monkeypox, the following measures can be taken for surveillance and prevention:

  • Establish wildlife collection sites
  • Limit the importation of rodents and primates
  • Conduct imported animal-specific antibody and virus DNA testing
  • Avoid direct and unprotected contact with wild or imported animals

Reference

  1. Harapan, Harapan, et al. "Monkeypox: a comprehensive review." Viruses 14.10 (2022): 2155.
    Distributed under Open Access license CC BY 4.0, without modification.

We DO NOT PROVIDE ANY PRODUCTS OR SERVICES DIRECTLY TO PATIENTS. All of our products are for Research Use Only (RUO), NOT intended for diagnostic, therapeutic, or clinical use.